ABSTRACT
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a severe impact on education as the premises of the universities and schools were closed, and countries shut their borders in response to lockdown measures. Majority of the higher education institutions were quick to replace face-to-face teaching-learning (T&L) sessions with online learning. But these closures affected learning and assessments severely, and in some places the course had to defer or extended for weeks or months. Objective(s): The objective of the study was to determine the perception and fondness of preclinical MBBS students of UniKL RCMP on online teaching learning and assessment during COVID-19 period. Material(s) and Method(s): This was a cross-sectional study, conducted in December 2021 to January 2022, the study population included MBBS preclinical students. A set of questionnaire was prepared and distributed to the students who were willing to respond. The participants' responses were then entered and the analysis was done by using SPSS-25. Result(s) and Conclusion(s): Among the 162 students who responded, 43 (26.5%) were male while 119 (73.5%) were female, and 79 (48.8%) were from year 1 while 83 (51.2%) were from year 2. In this study, there was no significant relationship on perception and preference of online teaching-learning and assessment with gender distribution or year of study of the respondents. COVID-19 has given an unexpected, 360 degree impact on every spheres of life and especially in education sector. Students all around the globe were pushed to online classes that really has impacted badly on the medical students. Unfortunately, this study has shown that perception and fondness on online T&L activities and assessment are not significantly associated with gender or year of study of the respondents. Hence, there is a need for further study to uncover the impact of online teaching and assessment.
ABSTRACT
The recent emergence of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in China is now a global health emergency. The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is mainly via human-to-human contact. This virus is expected to be of zoonotic origin and has a high genome identity to that of bat derived SARS-like coronavirus. Various stringent measures have been implemented to lower person-to-person transmission of COVID-19. Particular observations and attempts have been made to reduce transmission in vulnerable populations, including older adults, children, and healthcare providers. This novel CoV enters the cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. There is a higher risk of COVID-19 infection among those with preexisting cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and it has been connected with various direct and indirect complications, including myocarditis, acute myocardial injury, venous thromboembolism, and arrhythmias. This article summarizes the various cardiovascular complications and mechanisms responsible for the same with COVID-19 infection. For the benefit of the scientific community and public, the effect of COVID-19 on major vital organs such as the kidneys, liver, and intestines has been briefly discussed. In this review, we also discuss drugs in different stages of clinical trials and their associated complications, as well as the details of vaccines in various stages of development.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/complications , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , SARS-CoV-2 , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/physiology , Antiviral Agents/adverse effects , COVID-19/immunology , Cytokine Release Syndrome/etiology , Endothelial Cells/physiology , Humans , Hypertension/complications , Immunity, Innate , Myocardial Infarction/complications , Sex Characteristics , Thrombophilia/etiology , COVID-19 Drug TreatmentABSTRACT
An echocardiographic investigation is one of the key modalities of diagnosis in cardiology. There has been a rising presence of cardiological comorbidities in patients positive for COVID-19. Hence, it is becoming extremely essential to look into the correct safety precautions, healthcare professionals must take while conducting an echo investigation. The decision matrix formulated for conducting an echocardiographic evaluation is based on presence or absence of cardiological comorbidity vis-à-vis positive, suspected or negative for COVID-19. The safety measures have been constructed keeping in mind the current safety precautions by WHO, CDC and MoHFW, India.